LSAT Logic Games Vocabulary Words and Phrases

Logic Games vocab is a tricky thing. The problem generally isn’t knowing what each word means. The problem is knowing how the words interact with each other and what various phrases actually mean.

For this reason, I’ve decided to go over several things in this article rather than simply doing a vocab list:

1. Words and phrases that can help you recognize a particular type of game.

2. General tips to help you watch out for linguistic trickery and avoid making unwarranted assumptions.

3. Phrases indicating List/Acceptability questions

4. Tips on understanding a particular kind of question that differs from List questions

5. Phrases indicating Suspension and Substitution questions.

6. Tips on understanding some rules that indicate double-arrows

7. A list of 10 words you must know for Logic Games

1. Recognizing Types of Games

Pure Sequencing, Basic Linear, Advanced Linear

Consecutively / Sequentially / Successively

Ranking / Ordering

No two occur simultaneously, no two occur at the same time

One at a time / One after the other

Not simultaneously, not concurrently, not at the same time

Precedes = comes before

Follows = comes after

Immediately follows

Immediately precedes

Preceded by

Followed by

Immediately preceded by

Immediately followed by

Selection

Selected

Contained

Chosen

Splitting

(Variables are divided among) exactly one of two (groups)

2. Avoid making unwarranted assumptions with regard to order

Pay attention to the order in which things occur or are ranked (this applies to Pure Sequencing, Basic Linear, and Advanced Linear games):

front – back

earlier – later

before – after

most – least

behind – in front

Also pay attention to how rules and answer choices are presented.

LSAC often gives you the second of two variables first, which requires you to mentally rearrange the variables.

Examples:

PrepTest 34, Game 3, Question 16 (p212 in Next 10)

PrepTest 36, Game 2, Question 9 (p279 in Next 10)

3. Recognizing List / Acceptability Questions

They’re often the first question in any Logic Game.

Could be the composition

Could be a complete and accurate list

Could be accurate matching

Could be an acceptable selection

4. Understanding “Complete and accurate list…any one of which” Questions

For these questions, they’re not asking if each variable in each answer choice’s list could perform a given action simultaneously. They’re just asking in general.

5. Recognizing Suspension and Substitution Questions

Rule suspension questions (when the fundamental rule of a game are changed):

Suppose the condition is added…all the other/original/initial conditions remain…

Suspended

 

Rule substitution questions (appeared in PrepTests 57, 58, and 59)

Which one of the following, if substituted for the restriction/condition that…would have the same effect?

Assume original condition X is replaced by condition Y

6. Recognizing and Understanding Double-Arrow Rules

“If, and only if” / “If, but only if”

Both of these create a double arrow: X <—> Y

The first “if” introduces the sufficient condition, and the second “if” introduces the necessary condition. This means that X and Y are both sufficient AND necessary for each other. Either we have both, or we have neither.

Examples:

PrepTest 45, Game 4

PrepTest 56, Game 2

“If X then Y; otherwise, not Y.”

The first half is simply what it says: “X -> Y”

The second half, “otherwise, not Y,” really means “If NOT X -> NOT Y

The contrapositive of this second half is Y -> X

Combining this with the first half, we get a double-arrow: X <—> Y

Example:

PrepTest 55, Game 4

Yes, this sort of rule is identical in meaning to the “if, and only if” / “if, but only if” rule that I explained immediately above this rule.

7. List of 10 Logic Games Vocabulary Words

Adjacent = immediately next to / touching

Corresponds = matches

Distinct = different, unique

Respectively = in this particular order

Consistent = could be true / does not violate

Inconsistent = cannot be true / violates

Determine = figure out

Fully determined = completely figure out

Not necessarily = does not have to be

Neither X nor Y = NOT X and NOT Y